Eye Laser Surgery

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Eye laser surgery is any type of refractive surgery that is used in order to provide improvement to the refractive state of the eye which in turn decreases or even eliminate dependency on such things as contact lenses, or glasses in order to see properly. What eye laser surgery consists of is the surgical remodeling of the patient's cornea. The laser is referred to as an Excimer laser, and it is used to correct common vision disorders such as astigmatism, hyperopia (farsightedness), and myopia (nearsightedness).

What an Excimer laser does is to reshape the different curvature of the cornea in each patient so treated. Eye surgery to shape the curvature of the cornea was first promulgated by the well-known Spanish ophthalmologist named Jose Barraquer.

The first development of his technique which involved cutting thin flaps on the patient's cornea that then altered its shape. It was called keratomileusis and this made its first appearance in Bogota, Columbia in 1950.

Later, procedural and technical developments were developed by Svyatoslav Fyodorov, a Russian in 1970 who developed radial keratotomy (RK) which used a diamond encrusted knife to make corneal cuts. Eventually, in 1983 an American, Dr. Steven Trokel touted the benefits of an Excimer laser for refractive surgeries, and the rest is basically history regarding eye laser surgery.

Lasik (Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) was developed finally, and many of the pilots in the US Armed Forces have had Lasik corneal ablation to correct their different vision disorders.

Now a newer type of eye laser surgery has been developed, called wavefront Lasik which involves basically the same operation performed by eye laser surgery, but now the surgeon relies on computers to direct him where and how much of the corneal tissues will be removed.

Wavefront is actually a computer program or software, that coincidentally works with a pachymeter, which is an ultrasound device that is used in order to determine the thickness of the corneal tissue, and then the topographical portion of the software then will create a topographic map of the eye's surface contours. Eventually the laser surgery may begin, completely directed by the software that "sees" exactly what contouring is necessary to correct the vision of the patient in question.

The operation is performed with the patient mobile as well as awake. A device known as a corneal suction ring is applied to the eye in order to keep it totally still during the delicate operation. As the operation continues the laser used in the laser eye surgery, as mentioned before is called an Eximer laser, and its job is to actually vaporize the portions of the corneal tissue that will enable the patient's eye to see better.

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